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ELSEVIER MEDICAL BOOKS FREE DOWNLOAD SERIES

in London to distribute these academic titles in the British Commonwealth (except Canada). In May 1939 Klautz established the Elsevier Publishing Company Ltd. The weekly was a continuation, as is stated in its first issue, of the monthly Elsevier, which was founded in 1891 to promote the name of the publishing house and had to stop publication in December 1940 because of the German occupation of the Netherlands.

The weekly was an instant success and very profitable. The expansion of Elsevier in the scientific field after 1945 was funded with the profits of the newsweekly Elsevier, which published its first issue on 27 October 1945. According to Elsevier, this logo represents "the symbiotic relationship between publisher and scholar". As a company logo, Elsevier used the Elzevir family's printer's mark, a tree entwined with a vine and the words Non Solus, which is Latin for "not alone". The Elzevir family operated as booksellers and publishers in the Netherlands the founder, Lodewijk Elzevir (1542–1617), lived in Leiden and established that business in 1580. The original seal of the Elsevier family is used by Elsevier company as its logo.Įlsevier was founded in 1880 and adopted the name and logo from the Dutch publishing house Elzevir that was an inspiration and has no connection to the contemporary Elsevier.

7.5 Rejection of the Initiative for Open Citations.

7.3 Action against academics posting their own articles online.

7.1 Lobbying efforts against open access.

6 Relationship with academic institutions.

3.7 Fossil fuel company consulting and advocacy.

Much of the research that Elsevier publishes is publicly funded its high costs have led to boycotts, with many institutes dropping their subscriptions altogether, and to the rise of alternate avenues for publication and access, such as preprint servers and shadow libraries. Seen as generating massive profits from copyrights while adding little to no value to their products, Elsevier is commonly accused of rent-seeking. The company earned £942 million in profit with an adjusted operating margin of 37% in 2018.

Researchers have criticized Elsevier for its high profit margins and copyright practices. According to RELX reports, in 2021 Elsevier published more than 600,000 articles annually in over 2,700 journals as of 2018 its archives contained over 17 million documents and 40,000 e-books, with over one billion annual downloads. Įlsevier is part of the RELX Group (known until 2015 as Reed Elsevier), a publicly traded company. Elsevier's products and services also include digital tools for data management, instruction, research analytics and assessment.

ELSEVIER MEDICAL BOOKS FREE DOWNLOAD SERIES

Its products include journals such as The Lancet and Cell, the ScienceDirect collection of electronic journals, the Trends and Current Opinion series of journals, the online citation database Scopus, the SciVal tool for measuring research performance, the ClinicalKey search engine for clinicians, and the ClinicalPath evidence-based cancer care service. Elsevier ( Dutch: ) is a Netherlands-based academic publishing company specializing in scientific, technical, and medical content.